



navy who marries a young geisha and then leaves her. Drawing on his experience as a French naval officer, Loti structured Madame Chrysanthème as a semi-autobiographical work detailing his service in Nagasaki and dalliance with a local “temporary wife.” Loti’s works are typically set in exotic locales in the Near or Far East and frequently explore the conflict between romantic distractions and duty. Long’s short story similarly features a lieutenant in the U.S. His 1900 stage play Madame Butterfly was based on a short story by John Luther Long, which itself was modeled after the novel Madame Chrysanthème by Pierre Loti. The play Madame Butterfly by David Belascoĭavid Belasco was a Broadway impresario and playwright whose innovations in theater technology, including the use of spotlights and variations in colored lighting, were groundbreaking for the age.
